Verb B1 — Intermediate /pəˈfɔːm/

Perform — Definition, Examples & Pronunciation

To carry out a task or entertain an audience — a word that bridges the world of work and the world of art.

Quick Definition

To perform means to carry out or execute a task, duty, or function. It also means to entertain an audience through acting, singing, dancing, or playing a musical instrument.

What Does Perform Mean?

Perform comes from Old French parfournir meaning "to carry out, furnish completely". In modern English it has two main senses: a practical sense (to do or execute a task) and an artistic sense (to entertain an audience).

In academic and professional English, perform is very common in contexts like research ('perform an experiment'), medicine ('perform surgery'), business ('the company performed well'), and sport ('the athlete performed at her best'). The related noun performance and the agent noun performer are equally frequent.

Note that perform often carries a sense of doing something correctly and to a required standard — it implies effort and skill, unlike the more neutral do.

Example Sentences

SentenceUsage note
The doctors performed a complex operation that lasted six hours.practical sense — carry out a task
The choir performed three songs at the school concert.artistic sense — entertain an audience
The new marketing strategy has performed better than expected.intransitive — produce results

Synonyms

Antonyms

Common Mistakes

Watch Out For

She performed a good job on the project.

She did a good job on the project. (Use perform with tasks/operations/experiments, not with "job" — use do a good job.)

Related Vocabulary

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Frequently Asked Questions about “perform”

What does perform mean?
To perform means to carry out a task, function, or action — for example: 'The surgeon performed the operation.' It also means to entertain an audience: 'The band performed for two hours.' The noun form is performance, and the person who performs is a performer.
How do you use perform in a sentence?
Perform can take a direct object: 'She performed the experiment carefully.' It can also be used intransitively: 'The team performed well under pressure.' In business contexts: 'The new product is performing above expectations.' In the arts: 'He performed the lead role in the play.'
What level is perform? (CEFR)
Perform is a B1 (Intermediate) level word on the CEFR scale and appears in the Oxford 3000 core vocabulary list. It is widely used in academic writing, business English, and arts contexts.
What is the noun form of perform?
The main noun form is performance: 'Her performance was outstanding.' The agent noun (person who performs) is performer. An adjective form is performing, as in 'performing arts'. The past tense and past participle are both performed.
What is the difference between perform and do?
Both mean to carry out an action, but perform is more formal and implies skill or a required standard. You perform an operation, an experiment, or a ritual — activities with specific steps. Do is more general and informal: 'do your homework', 'do the dishes'. In formal writing, prefer perform for professional or technical tasks.
What does it mean to perform well or poorly?
Used intransitively, perform describes how well something or someone achieves its purpose: 'The investment performed well this quarter' means it produced good results. 'The student performed poorly in the exam' means they did not achieve the expected standard. This usage is very common in business and academic contexts.
What are the performing arts?
The performing arts are art forms that involve live performance before an audience, including theatre, dance, music, opera, and circus. They are contrasted with the visual arts, which produce objects to be viewed. ESL learners often encounter this phrase in cultural and academic contexts.
Can perform be used in the passive voice?
Yes, perform is very common in the passive: 'The operation was performed successfully.' 'Tests are performed at the laboratory.' The passive is especially common in academic and scientific writing where the focus is on the action rather than the person performing it.
What collocations use perform?
Common collocations include: perform a task, perform an operation, perform an experiment, perform well/poorly, perform a role, perform on stage, perform a search, perform a function. In business: perform above/below expectations. With music: perform live.
How can I practise using perform in English?
Use LexFizz's Flash Cards to test perform and related words (performance, performer, performing). The Complete the Sentence exercise is also useful for practising perform in context. Reading business news or scientific articles will help you see perform used naturally in professional English.