Yoga Vocabulary in English

18 essential yoga vocabulary words with clear definitions and natural example sentences — ideal for B1–C1 learners interested in fitness, mindfulness, and the language of yoga practice.

Pedagogically reviewed by LexFizz Team

Yoga vocabulary describes the poses, breathing techniques, and philosophy behind this ancient practice. Words like asana, flow, and mindfulness, as defined by the Oxford Learner's Dictionaries, appear in studio classes, wellness apps, and instructional videos. Imagine a teacher guiding a class through a sun salutation, cueing each breath and transition between poses.

Because yoga blends physical postures with breathing and mental focus, its vocabulary spans movement, anatomy, and mindfulness. Understanding terms such as pranayama, alignment, and savasana helps you follow a class and discuss yoga practice with confidence.

These words form natural collocations: hold a pose, practise pranayama, find your alignment, flow through a sequence, rest in savasana. Learning these partnerships will help you discuss yoga clearly and confidently.

What You'll Learn

Essential Yoga Words

WordMeaningExample SentenceLevel
asanaa physical yoga posture or poseDownward dog is one of the most recognisable asanas in yoga.B2
pranayamaa set of breathing techniques used to control and extend the breath during yoga practiceThe class began with five minutes of slow pranayama.C1
sun salutationa flowing sequence of poses, often performed at the start of a yoga class to warm up the bodyThey moved through three rounds of sun salutation before the main poses.B2
savasanaa final resting pose, lying flat on the back, used to relax the body at the end of practiceSavasana at the end of class helps the body absorb the benefits of practice.C1
alignmentthe correct positioning of the body in a pose to avoid strain and maximise benefitThe instructor adjusted her alignment so her knee wasn't twisted.B2
mata thin cushioned surface used to provide grip and comfort during yoga practiceShe rolled out her mat and began with a few gentle stretches.A2
flowa style of yoga practice that links poses together smoothly using the breathVinyasa flow classes move quickly from one pose to the next.B2
mindfulnessa mental state of focused, non-judgmental awareness of the present momentYoga combines physical movement with mindfulness of breath and sensation.B2
chaturangaa low plank pose in which the body is lowered close to the floor with bent elbowsHolding chaturanga builds significant strength in the arms and core.C1
downward doga foundational pose forming an inverted V shape with hands and feet on the matDownward dog stretches the hamstrings, shoulders, and calves.B1
child's posea resting pose in which the body folds forward with knees bent and arms extendedReturn to child's pose any time you need a break during the sequence.B1
chakrain yoga philosophy, one of several energy centres believed to be located along the spineSome yoga traditions associate each chakra with a different colour and quality.C1
bandhaan internal muscular lock or engagement used to direct energy and support certain posesEngaging the core bandha helps stabilise the spine in balancing poses.C1
propsequipment such as blocks, straps, and bolsters used to support the body in yoga posesBeginners often use props to safely reach deeper into a stretch.B1
inversiona pose in which the head is positioned below the heart, such as a headstand or shoulder standInversions are usually introduced only after building sufficient strength and stability.C1
vinyasaa linking movement, typically a short sequence, that connects one pose to the next through the breathTake a vinyasa between each side of the standing sequence.C1
restorative yogaa gentle style of yoga using props to hold supported, relaxing poses for extended periodsRestorative yoga is often recommended for stress relief and recovery.B2
drishtia fixed point of focus for the eyes, used to improve balance and concentration during a poseFixing your drishti on a still point helps you hold the balance longer.C1

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is an asana in yoga?

An asana is a physical yoga posture or pose, such as downward dog or child's pose. The word originally comes from Sanskrit and traditionally referred to a seated position for meditation, though it now covers the full range of physical postures used in yoga practice.

What is pranayama, and how is it different from just breathing normally?

Pranayama refers to a set of deliberate breathing techniques used to control the length, depth, and rhythm of the breath during yoga practice, rather than breathing automatically. It is considered a core part of yoga alongside the physical postures.

What happens during savasana at the end of a class?

Savasana is a final resting pose in which the practitioner lies flat on their back, completely relaxed, usually for five to ten minutes at the end of a session. It allows the body and nervous system to absorb the effects of the practice before returning to daily activity.

What is the difference between vinyasa and flow?

Vinyasa technically refers to a short linking sequence of movements, often a plank-to-upward-dog transition, connected to the breath. Flow is the broader term for a style of class, such as vinyasa flow, that links many poses together smoothly using these connecting movements.

Why is alignment important in yoga poses?

Alignment refers to positioning the joints and body correctly within a pose to avoid unnecessary strain and to get the full benefit of the posture. Poor alignment, such as a misaligned knee in a lunge, can lead to discomfort or injury over time.

What are yoga props used for?

Props, such as blocks, straps, and bolsters, help support the body so a practitioner can safely reach a pose's benefits without forcing their current level of flexibility or strength. They are commonly used by beginners and in restorative yoga classes.

What is a chakra in yoga philosophy?

A chakra is one of several energy centres believed, in traditional yoga philosophy, to be located along the spine, each associated with different physical and emotional qualities. While not a physically measurable concept, chakras remain an important part of yoga's broader philosophical tradition.

Is yoga vocabulary useful for English learners?

Yes, especially for learners interested in fitness, wellness, or mindfulness. Terms like breath, posture, and balance are useful in broader health and everyday contexts, not just when discussing yoga specifically.

What is the difference between restorative yoga and a vinyasa flow class?

Restorative yoga uses props to hold gentle, supported poses for several minutes at a time, focusing on relaxation and recovery. A vinyasa flow class moves more quickly between poses, building heat and strength through continuous movement linked to the breath.

Which yoga words should I learn first?

Start with the everyday core: asana, mat, breath, and pose. These describe the basic practice. At higher levels, add pranayama, alignment, vinyasa, and savasana to discuss yoga like an experienced practitioner.