B2/C1 Grammar Prepositions

Dependent Prepositions

"She's interested in art, good at drawing, and depends on natural light." Certain adjectives and verbs are followed by one specific preposition and no other — not because of any general rule of meaning, but because that is simply the fixed combination native speakers use. These are called dependent prepositions, and there is no shortcut except learning them as fixed pairs.

Pedagogically reviewed by LexFizz Team

A dependent preposition is a preposition that regularly follows a particular adjective or verb, forming a fixed combination, such as interested in, good at, depend on, afraid of, and responsible for. The preposition "belongs" to the adjective or verb rather than being chosen freely based on meaning, so each combination usually has to be learned individually.

Dependent Prepositions After Adjectives

Many common adjectives are followed by one fixed preposition, and the wrong preposition after the right adjective can sound clearly foreign, even if the sentence is otherwise correct.

Dependent Prepositions After Verbs

Verbs also combine with fixed prepositions, and these combinations are closely related to (but distinct from) verb complementation patterns more generally, since here the choice concerns which preposition, not which verb form, follows.

Summary Table

WordPrepositionExample
interestedininterested in music
good / badatgood at chess
dependondepend on luck
afraidofafraid of heights
responsibleforresponsible for the budget
similartosimilar to mine

Tip: Learn dependent prepositions as whole chunks, not as separate words, e.g. "good at" not "good" + "at" chosen separately — this is exactly the same strategy used for collocations in general.

Common Mistakes

Practice Exercises

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is a dependent preposition?

A dependent preposition is the specific preposition that regularly follows a particular adjective or verb as a fixed combination, such as "interested in" or "depend on," rather than being chosen freely.

Why is "interested in" correct but "interested on" wrong?

Because "interested" is fixed with the preposition "in" as a set combination in English; there is no general logical reason, it is simply the accepted usage, so "interested on" sounds clearly non-native.

Is there a rule for predicting which preposition follows a word?

Not a reliable one. While a few patterns exist (e.g. many words expressing origin or cause use "of"), most dependent prepositions must be memorised individually as fixed pairs, similarly to vocabulary collocations.

Do dependent prepositions occur after both adjectives and verbs?

Yes. Adjectives like "good at," "afraid of," and "proud of" take fixed prepositions, and so do verbs like "depend on," "believe in," and "consist of."

What preposition follows "good" and "bad"?

Both take "at," as in "She's good at maths" and "He's bad at directions."

What preposition follows "responsible"?

"Responsible" takes "for," as in "Who is responsible for this decision?"

Can the same word take different prepositions with different meanings?

Yes, a small number of words change meaning with the preposition, for example "agree with someone" (share an opinion) versus "agree to a plan" (accept a proposal), so it's worth checking meaning as well as form.

How is a dependent preposition different from a phrasal verb preposition?

A dependent preposition follows an adjective or a base verb with its normal meaning intact ("depend on"), while a phrasal verb combines a verb with a particle to create a new, often idiomatic meaning ("look up" meaning "search for information"), which is a different structure.

What is the best way to learn dependent prepositions?

Learn each adjective or verb together with its preposition as a single chunk (e.g. "good at," not "good" and "at" separately), and review them in example sentences rather than as isolated word lists.

What is a common mistake learners make with dependent prepositions?

A very common mistake is transferring a preposition pattern from the learner's first language, producing errors like "depends of" or "good in" instead of the correct "depends on" and "good at."